Industrial Networking 101: Essentials

Industrial networking plays a crucial role in modern manufacturing. This guide covers various network types, essential components, and best practices to help you understand the complexities of industrial Ethernet networking.

What is industrial networking?

Industrial networking pertains to the interconnected infrastructure of devices and systems that facilitate seamless data communication and control within industrial settings. It supports efficient automation, monitoring, and optimization of industrial processes, while adhering to protocols that ensure uninterrupted communication between devices. Much of this communication relies on millisecond precision, with some requiring even microsecond-level accuracy.

Some frequently utilized technologies and protocols in ICS plant floor networking are:

  • Ethernet/IP
  • PROFINET
  • PROFIBUS
  • OPC UA
  • EtherCAT
  • CANopen
  • Modbus TCP/IP
  • DeviceNet
  • CIP (Common Industrial Protocol)
  • PTP (Precision Time Protocol)

By adopting strong and secure plant floor networking technologies, industrial organizations can enhance their operations, boost productivity, and guarantee the safety and reliability of their manufacturing processes.

Type of industrial networks

  • Ethernet/IP: Employs standard Ethernet technology to enable high-speed communication and easy device integration.
  • PROFINET: A robust and open Industrial Ethernet standard that offers real-time communication and versatility.
  • OPC UA: A platform-independent service-oriented machine-to-machine communication protocol.
  • Modbus TCP/IP: A commonly used protocol for linking industrial devices via Ethernet.
  • DeviceNet: An industrial network protocol developed for connecting basic devices and sensors within a network.

Components of industrial networks

  • PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers): Robust industrial computers designed to control and automate various manufacturing processes.
  • HMI (Human Machine Interface): Graphical interfaces that enable operators to monitor and interact with industrial machinery and systems.
  • SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition): Control systems that collect and analyze real-time data from industrial processes for monitoring and control purposes.
  • Industrial Ethernet Switches: Specialized switches tailored for industrial settings, offering reliable and efficient network connectivity.
  • Industrial Ethernet Cabling: Comprising both fiber and copper options, this cabling forms the horizontal and structured network infrastructure, including patch panels and patch cables, ensuring a dependable system.

Advantages of industrial networking

  • Enhanced productivity: Optimized operations and effective communication lead to higher productivity and greater output.
  • Minimized downtime: Proactive surveillance and predictive maintenance significantly reduce unexpected downtime.
  • Improved Communication and Data Sharing: Real-time data exchange between devices and systems fosters better collaboration and more informed decision-making.

Best practices for designing industrial networks

  • Network Segmentation: Splitting the network into logical sections ensures stability, enhances security, and allows for effective traffic management.
  • Redundancy and Fault Tolerance: Incorporating backup systems and redundant pathways to reduce the impact of potential failures.
  • Security: Implementing robust cybersecurity protocols and strategies to safeguard networks and sensitive industrial data. Employ a defense-in-depth approach in line with industrial security standards such as IEC-62443 (formerly ISA99) for Industrial Automation and Control Systems (IACS) Security, and NIST 800-82 for Industrial Control System (ICS) Security.

Conclusion

Industrial networking forms the foundation of contemporary manufacturing, facilitating efficient processes, real-time monitoring, and informed decision-making based on data. By comprehending its various types, components, and best practices, you can leverage the capabilities of industrial networking to enhance productivity and propel your organization towards success.